Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part E (2025)

This study compares the geoeffectiveness and behavior of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and magnetic clouds (MCs) seen at 1 AU for solar cycles 23 and 24. Important variables such solar wind speed (Vsw), magnetic field orientation and strength (Bz, Bt), geomagnetic indices (Dst, Kp), magnetic cloud arrival and departure timings, and CME arrival times and speeds (V_CME) were the focus of the inquiry. The study also evaluates the impact and evolution of MCs and interplanetary shocks using angular width and heliographic location. The findings provide insight into solar-terrestrial connection at different phases of solar activity by showing that CME dynamics, magnetic field intensity, and geomagnetic disturbances change from cycle to cycle.