Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part F (2025)

The electro-optical properties of liquid crystals are determined by the properties of electronic and dielectric. If the properties are suitable for a particular application, the performance of the liquid crystal will be optimal. When spectroscopic techniques are used in conjunction with computational and theoretical modelling to study liquid crystals, it is possible to gain valuable insight into the properties on a molecular scale while gaining an understanding of liquid crystal behaviour on a macroscopic scale. This study presents an overview of the principles and the theories related to elastic and dielectric liquids and examines how vibrational, rotational, and electronic spectroscopy can be used to determine the relationship between the molecular structure and the physical properties of the liquid crystals being studied. Molecular modelling, continuum modelling, and spectroscopy simulation techniques, which are specifically applicable to today's liquid crystal technologies are presented and discussed.